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Human Nutrition Final Exam Help

human nutrition final exam helpQ1. A healthy infant that weighs 7 pounds at birth likely will weigh ________ pounds by her first birthday.

  • 28
  • 14
  • 35
  • 21
  • 42

Q2. In an infant, which organ uses about 60% of the day’s total energy intake?

  • Brain
  • Kidney
  • Liver
  • Small and large intestines
  • Skeletal muscle

Q3. Which of the following represents a risk of formula feeding?

  • Lack of sufficient FDA testing for contamination with Salmonella
  • Lack of sufficient FDA oversight on currently available formulas
  • Excessive fluoride levels in available water sources for infants of any age
  • Lead-deficiencies in available water sources for infants over 6 months old
  • Inadequate fluoride levels in available water sources for infants under 6 months old

Q4. Which of the following nutrients need to be supplied by solid foods in a baby’s diet?

  • Vitamin A and zinc
  • Sodium and iron
  • Vitamin E and magnesium
  • Vitamin B12 and fluoride
  • Vitamin C and iron

Q5. Which of the following is true regarding children’s energy intake and activity levels?

  • Energy needs per kg of body weight continually increase from 1 to 5 years of age
  • An active 10-year-old child requires about 3200 kcal/day
  • Children tend to eat the same amount of food at each meal
  • Overweight children have appetites similar to normal-weight children
  • Children following a vegan diet may have difficulty meeting their energy needs.

Q6. To maintain skeletal, muscular, and cardiovascular health, a child should be physically active for at least ________ minutes each day?

  • 30
  • 20
  • 60
  • 90
  • 45

Q7. Which of the following people would be considered a gatekeeper of nutrition?

  • A child who begs for, but is denied, a breakfast cereal with a coveted toy inside.
  • A father who shops for fruits and vegetables at the local farmer’s market and prepares family meals
  • A cashier at a convenience store that sells snacks and local bakery items
  • A mother who works two part-time jobs to afford the high cost of groceries, which the children feed themselves
  • A local farmer who grows corn and soybeans

Q8. Without intervention, how many children are destined to suffer from adult heart disease within the next 30 years?

  • 600,000
  • 6,000,000
  • 60,000,000
  • 600,000,000
  • 6,000,000,000

Q9. What is the most important predictor of a person’s mobility in the later years?

  • Genetics
  • Chronological age
  • Iron consumption
  • Tobacco use
  • Regular physical activity

Q10. What is sarcopenia?

  • Loss of muscle mass and strength
  • Loss of central visual activity
  • Paralysis of GI tract muscles
  • Softening of bones
  • Difficulty swallowing

Q11. Which of the following best describes the effect of aging on the immune system?

  • Immunity is improved by abundant intake of iron-rich red meats and calcium-rich butter.
  • Antibiotics are often ineffective in treating infections in older people who have deficient immune systems.
  • In elderly persons, nutritional status rarely influences immune functioning
  • Immune function does not decline with age in people who maintain good nutrition
  • In the United States, infectious diseases rarely cause of deaths in the elderly

Q12. A person with edentulous should eat ________.

  • soft foods
  • raw fruits and vegetables
  • foods rich in vitamin C
  • leafy green vegetables
  • red meats

Q13. How many eligible seniors participate in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program?

  • 1/2
  • 1/3
  • 1/4
  • 1/10
  • 2/3

Q14. Adults aged 51 to 70, who engage in minimal outdoor activity, need ________ micrograms of vitamin D daily.

  • 25
  • 30
  • 20
  • 15
  • 35

Q15. Older adults primarily diet in order to ________.

  • improve appearance
  • reduce risks for development of atrophic gastritis and pernicious anemia
  • reduce feelings of depression
  • pursue a medical goal such as reducing cholesterol
  • economize when food prices increase

Q16. What is the name of the program that provides low-income older adults with coupons that are exchangeable for fresh vegetables and fruits at community-supported farmers’ markets and roadside stands?

  • Fresh Food for the Disadvantaged Elderly
  • Federal Food Pantry
  • Eldercare Food Assistance
  • Old Age and Survivors Health Benefits Program
  • Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program

Q17. Which of the following foods in particular must be restricted in the diet of a person taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor drug to treat Parkinson’s disease?

  • Salmon
  • Red meat
  • Cruciferous vegetables
  • Sauerkraut
  • Chocolate

Q18. Which of the following is not an antigen?

  • Allergens
  • Macrophages
  • Toxins
  • Viruses
  • Bacteria

Q19. Of the 10 leading causes of death in the United States, how many have some relationship with diet?

  • Two
  • four
  • Five
  • Six
  • Eight

Q20. Which of the following measurements puts a person at high risk for coronary heart disease?

  • Fasting triglycerides of 150 to 199 mg/dL
  • Blood pressure of 140/90 or higher
  • Total blood cholesterol below 200 mg/dL
  • Body mass index between 25 and 29.9
  • LDL cholesterol under 100 mg/dL

Q21. What is a characteristic of an atherogenic diet?

  • Plant based
  • Low saturated fat
  • High trans fat
  • Moderate calcium
  • High fiber

Q22. About what percentage of people with hypertension are overweight or obese?

  • 50
  • 60
  • 70
  • 80
  • 85

Q23. Peripheral resistance is the resistance blood encounters in the

  • Veins
  • Heart
  • capillaries
  • arteries
  • arterioles

Q24. Microangiopathies that develop in people with diabetes can lead to _____.

  • weight loss
  • loss of liver function
  • hypertension
  • loss of kidney function
  • impaired nutrient absorption

Q25. The first step in carbohydrate counting is to _____.

  • make a list of favorite foods
  • determine the appropriate protein intake
  • determine an appropriate carbohydrate allowance
  • figure out the amount of added sugar currently consumed
  • determine the ideal body weight

Q26. Which of the following dietary components may protect against cancer?

  • Inositol and biotin
  • Protein from animal sources
  • Certain sugars
  • Fiber
  • Certain saturated fats

Q27. What is the Healthy Eating Plate?

  • A phytochemical-rich diet
  • A carbohydrate counting plan
  • An alternative to the USDA’s MyPlate that focuses on the links between diet and health
  • A 1200 kcalorie weight reduction diet
  • A vegetarian alternative to the USDA’s MyPlate

Q28. Which of the following may cause Clostridium botulinum poisoning?

  • Improperly canned vegetables
  • Rotting vegetables
  • Untreated water
  • Unpasteurized milk
  • Unwashed fruits

Q29. To minimize the possibility of foodborne illness, poultry, stuffing, and reheated leftovers should be cooked to an internal temperature of at least ________ °F.

  • 125
  • 140
  • 145
  • 165
  • 212

Q30. Which of the following foods is known to carry trace amounts of arsenic when routinely tested by the FDA?

  • Olive oil
  • Whole grain breads
  • Ground beef
  • Rice
  • Eggs

Q31. Which of the following statements accurately describes environmental contaminants in the US food supply?

  • Virtually all fish contain trace amounts of mercury
  • Typically, swordfish has the least mercury contamination of all seafood
  • Young children should avoid eating any seafood to avoid risks of toxicity
  • Contamination is usually greater in farm-raised fish than in ocean fish
  • Older fish are generally safer than younger fish, since they have had more time to excrete the mercury

Q32. About how many varieties of fruits and vegetables does the United States import from other countries?

  • 100
  • 200
  • 400
  • 800
  • 1600

Q33. Which chemical typically is used to decaffeinate coffee?

  • Polybrominated biphenyl
  • Hydrochloric acid
  • Sodium propionate
  • Methylene chloride
  • Nitric acid

Q34. Which term is defined as the limited or uncertain access to foods of sufficient quality or quantity to sustain a healthy and active live?

  • Dietary precariousness
  • Food insufficiency
  • Food poverty
  • Dietary prevalence
  • Food insecurity

Q35. At what annual income is the poverty line drawn for an individual living in the United States?

  • $11,770
  • $17,100
  • $27,710
  • $21,700
  • $7170

Q36. What is the average monthly benefit for a recipient of SNAP, per person?

  • $105
  • $125
  • $155
  • $215
  • $355

Q37. Approximately what percentage of the US food supply is wasted along the way from farm to final consumption?

  • 10%
  • 20%
  • 30%
  • 40%
  • 50%

Q38. Approximately how many people in the world do not have enough to eat?

  • 7 billion
  • 79 million
  • 579 million
  • 759 million
  • 975 million

Q39. Which of the following is a telling symptom of kwashiorkor?

  • Children have a “skin and bones” appearance
  • The child appears grossly dehydrated
  • Children typically have a grossly swollen belly
  • Marasmus is also present in the community
  • The child always feels cold and is mentally impaired

Q40. Which of the following is a typical symptom of marasmus?

  • Edema
  • Rapid metabolism
  • Decreased albumin
  • Inability to tolerate cold
  • Increased body temperature

Q41. What does the word “marasmus” mean?

  • Without muscle
  • Matchstick
  • Prior child
  • Dying away
  • Terribly thin

Q42. Which of the following statements accurately explains the rapid onset of malnutrition in kwashiorkor?

  • It correlates to the drought season in each respective country
  • It is seen in children who are weaned from breast milk after the birth of a sibling; thus experiencing a sudden change in diet.
  • It is an inborn error of metabolism
  • It is due to the sudden change in diet arising from toddlers’ dislike of breast milk as they grow older
  • It occurs when poorly nourished mothers begin to breastfeed their children.

Q43. Which of the following is a typical ingredient of a simple oral rehydration formula recipe?

  • Iron
  • Zinc
  • Sugar
  • Powdered Eggs
  • Powdered Milk

Q44. Which of the following statements accurately describes farm irrigation?

  • It enriches the soil minerals.
  • It raises water tables
  • It helps preserve the water supply.
  • It increases the salt content in the soil
  • It contributes to soil preservation

Q45. In the United States, the food industry consumes about ________ percent of all the energy the nation uses.

  • 10
  • 20
  • 30
  • 40
  • 50

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